KaryoDraw

Turner syndrome

45,X

Also known as: Monosomy X, 45 X

45,X is the karyotype of Turner syndrome, in which a single X is present and the second sex chromosome is missing. Short stature and ovarian insufficiency are characteristic, and loss of the SHOX gene drives much of the growth phenotype.

Open in the interactive visualizer →

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
X
missing
?
Turner syndrome (45,X) drawn by KaryoDraw.

What the notation means

45
total chromosome count (normal is 46)
X
sex chromosomes: a single X (monosomy X)

Clinical notes

45,X, Turner syndrome

A single X, no second sex chromosome (monosomy X). Short stature, ovarian dysgenesis/streak gonads, webbed neck, coarctation/bicuspid aortic valve, lymphedema. Often mosaic (45,X/46,XX) or with an i(Xq).

KaryoDraw is a free ISCN 2024 karyotype visualizer, a StudyRare tool. It is an educational visualizer of cytogenetic nomenclature, not a diagnostic tool.